Cytology The Cell

Definition: -The structural & functional unit of all living tissues [Cells have different shapes & sizes]

The Cell is made of: I-Cytoplasm II-Nucleus

I-Cytoplasm 

Formed of

1Cytoplasmic Matrix: Colloidal solution contains proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals & enzymes

2Cytoplasmic inclusions: -Non-living temporary structures -Not essential for the cell vitality. -They are stored substances in some cells, e.g. glycogen, fat & pigments

3Cytoplasmic organelles: -Living permanent minute structures -Essential for vital processes: respiration, secretion, digestion

Types

A-Membranous

1Cell membrane

2Mitochondria 

3Endoplasmic reticulum (rough & smooth)

4Golgi apparatu

5Lysosomes

B-Non-membranous

1Ribosomes 

2Cytoskeleton 

 a-Microtubules (centrioles & cilia) 

 b-Filaments (Thin, intermediate & thick)